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Changes in landscape in the catchment of water-supply reservoirs Švihov and Vír I
Červeňanská, Karolína ; Lipský, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis deals with the analysis of landscape changes using the index of change and the index of development in the catchments area of our two key water reservoirs Švihov and Vír I using CORINE Land Cover and LUCC Czechia data from the time of their building to the present, with a particular focus on the landscape changes in particular protection zones. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on the reservoirs, the legislative background of water protection and the interaction between water reservoirs, landscape and people. Furthermore, the thesis deals with the concept of landscape and especially with the development of landscape and population in our country from the middle of the 19th century to the present. The importance of the two reservoirs is also described, including their physical-geographic characteristics and the history of the delineation of the protection zones in their catchment areas. In the practical part, the observed time horizons, the selected territorial units and their delimitation within the protection zones are specified in more detail. In the chapter of Results, the observed changes in landscape cover, land use and population are described, both for the entire catchment area and in more detail for the particular protection zones in all the periods studied. The...
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Změny krajinného krytu na území Národního parku Podyjí
PĚNKA, Tomáš
In this diploma thesis, I studied land use and land cover changes in the territory of Podyjí National Park during a period of almost 80 years. The background data were obtained from black-and-white aerial pictures from 1952, 1974 and 1989 further supplemented by two vectorized layers from 1938 and 2014. The main trends in the studied areas were a substantial growth of forest areas, decrease of permanent grasslands, and the agricultural areas. Analyses using landscape metrics showed that closed forest cover increased from 66% to 75% between 1952, 1974 and 1989. Moreover, during the same time period the area of open woodlands decreased by 3% (from 10% to 7%). The obtained results also indicated the gradual homogenization of the landscape, with changes in forest management having the greatest impact. Such trend might be dangerous especially for rare species associated with open forest habitats.
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Landscape changes due to suburbanization - an example of south-eastern outskirts of Prague
Paločková, Anežka ; Romportl, Dušan (advisor) ; Chuman, Tomáš (referee)
The study deals with the evaluation of landscape changes and ecosystem functions in the case study situated in the hintreland of Prague with the emphasis on the process of suburbanization. It analyzes the amounts, the range and the types of the changes of landscape due to suburbanization process and their effects on landscape structure and function. Landscape changes are evaluated using remote sensing and software ArcGIS, function and services of ecosystems are evaluated by modified Hessen method. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The effect of climate change and land use change on the long-term population trends of birds in the Czech Republic
Koschová, Michaela ; Reif, Jiří (advisor) ; Voříšek, Petr (referee)
There are number of future projections of species' geographic ranges developed under conditions of ongoing climate change. However, only a few studies have assessed what are the characteristics of species explaining interspecific variability in the projected range shifts. Examination of such relationships is important for development of effective conservation strategies mitigating the effects of climatic changes. For this purpose, I calculated the predicted shifts of European ranges in Czech birds based on maps in A Climatic Atlas of European Breeding Birds and explored relationships between these predicted shifts and several ecological traits. We found significant effects of the type of European distribution and habitat requirements. Concerning the type of European distribution, the largest shift is predicted in the central species and the northern species compared to widespread and southern species. According to the habitat type, the largest shift showed forest birds in contrast to the urban species which will shift slightly. The former pattern is probably attributable to spatial constrains different among these specific groups (central species are less limited compared to widespread species). The latter pattern could be explained by higher sensitivity of forest species to climatic changes...
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Deserted settlements in the basin of the Zdíkovský stream as part of landscape memory in the Czech borderland
Andrš, Vojtěch ; Kučera, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Riezner, Jiří (referee)
The thesis deals with the topic of landscape memory, especially with the historical landscape structures present in the landscape of borderland during the post-war expulsion of its inhabitants. These are material reminders of the past, the former settlement and land use and in some cases can still serve an ecological function, have aesthetic, educational or historical value or the value of a landscape symbol. The aim of the thesis is to find, document, evaluate, research the state and discuss the significance and use of historical landscape structures from this period. In the research part, the work deals with the problematics of changes in the landscape, its memory and historical landscape structures in the context of the post-war expulsion of its inhabitants. In the practical part, the author documents the occurrence of landscape structures at the time of expulsion using historical aerial photographs and the current orthophoto, digital model of relief 5G and field research using the software QField. Historical landscape structures are categorized based on the criteria of preservation and use and the most significant ones are selected. The importance of the elements of the lost landscape in general and the significance and use of the best preserved is consulted with the mayors of the relevant...
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Changes of landscape structure and scattered greenery in the Jistebnicko region
Štěpán, Jan ; Lipský, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Romportl, Dušan (referee)
The landscape has been profoundly affected by human activity for centuries and the consequences of this interference have been growing in scale with the rising demands of modern society. The processes leading to the landscape's homogeneity, or, on the other hand, its fragmentation, have been focus of many studies which then allow us to understand how the landscape functions in its entirety and are also significant for the process of spatial planning on the local level. The aim of this theses is to assess the changes done to land cover an landscape's (micro)structure with special focus on scattered greenery (non-forest woody vegetation), as well as to examine how these changes have been mapped into the cadastral municipality of Cunkov, located in the Jistebnická vrchovina highlands, throughout the last 180 years. It is then possible to analyze these changes using the GIS and historical materials from three time periods which were beforehand selected - the years 1840, 1953 and 2019. Microstructure of the landscape plays an essential role in landscape's dynamics and for its ecologic stability.
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History and present state of the landscape of the former fish pond system in the drainage basin of the Opatovický kanál channel (Central and Eastern Bohemia)
Leglerová, Anna ; Lipský, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Pavelková, Renata (referee)
This work is focused on the dynamics of landscape change of fish pond system in Polabí region, specifically the drainage basin of the channel Opatovický kanál. Theoretical part provides information about origin, development and present state of fish pond system. Experimental part provides the mapping of ponds in five time periods covering the epoch between the 18th and the 21st century. Information about ponds in the 16th and the 17th century are provided as well but without pond areas. The reason for their absence is insufficiency of sources. Development of the area and quantity of ponds is discussed as well as land use and land cover change on the extinct pond areas. Finally, application of the fish pond development knowledge in landscape planning and revitalization are discussed based on the information gained by the mapping and research. Key words: fish pond systems, land cover, land use, landscape changes, Polabí region, drainage basin of the channel Opatovický kanál
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Assessment of Changes of Forest Landscape During the Past 50 Years in the Vihorlat Highlands (Eastern Slovakia)
Lacina, Jan ; Halas, Petr ; Koutecký, T. ; Šebesta, J. ; Veska, J.
In the years 1968 – 1970 the forest typological survey were carried out in the western half of the Carpathian volcanic mountain range Vihorlat (Slowakia). Differentiation of forests into the units of potential natural vegetation followed geobiocenological school prof. A. Zlatník. During the typological survey 155 geobiocoenological plots were established on which phytocenosis and mostly also soil conditions were studied. In the years 2013 - 2015, thus after 45-47 years, most of these research plots were resampled. Our data showed that current phytocenosis doesn´t indicate habitat change resulting in conversion of potential forest vegetation. In terms of today´s forest management wide using of natural regeneration of deciduous tree species we consider as highly positive. However, some landscape changes, especially adverse succession on abandoned pastures located at the foot of the mountain range could cause impoverishment of biodiversity.
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The influence of land cover and its change on distribution and species composition of raptors in the Czech Republic
Černá, Hana ; Chuman, Tomáš (advisor) ; Romportl, Dušan (referee)
The Influence of Land Cover and Its Change on Distribution and Species Composition of Raptors in the Czech Republic Abstract Bird species diversity and distribution in relation to a variety of factors have been the subject of numerous works. So far, none of these studies have dealt with an individual order of birds, and this is why I decided to undertake this type of research. The main theme of my work is the extent to which land cover and particularly its perpetual changes influence the local species of raptors. In the introductory part, I outline the character of the changes on the territory of the Czech Republic in the years 1970-2000 and describe their influence on the distribution and diversity of raptors. An analysis of historical and current data concerning the above mentioned period follows, the chief objective being to evaluate all the aspects of dependence of raptors on the past and present state of the landcover in the Czech Republic. The dependence of diversity of raptors on the diversity of land cover has been proved.
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Landscape changes in border areas of selected military bases in Bohemia since the second half of the 19th century
Hájek, Filip ; Chromý, Pavel (advisor) ; Jančák, Vít (referee)
This thesis deals with the long-term changes in the landscape of border areas of selected military bases in Bohemia Brdy and Hradiště. Specifically, in these areas it is focused on land use changes since half of the 19th century to the present. Its main objective is to identify whether and to what extent military bases affect character and intensity of land use changes beyond their borders. The first part of the thesis is devoted to general solutions relating to the key topics/concepts representing thematic base for further work (landscape, spatial polarization and military bases). The methodology of this part is based on research and discussions of literature and other sources. In the second part of the thesis the focus is on the spatial definition and characteristics of both areas of our interest. The third part is based on the knowledge of the previous two parts, and is engaged in the land use changes research in both areas. This research has a quantitative nature and is based on the use of statistical data provided by the LUCC Czechia database, which were further processed and evaluated. Final part of the thesis is based on the results of the third part and discusses the possible impact of the military bases to changes in land use in the close border areas. Key words: landscape landscape...
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